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Unified Modeling Language (UML)
is a standardized specification language for object
modeling. UML is a general-purpose modeling language
that includes a graphical notation used to create
an abstract model of a system, referred to as
a UML model.
Object
Management Group (OMG)
Object Management Group (OMG) is a consortium,
originally aimed at setting standards for distributed
object-oriented systems, and is now focused on
modeling (programs, systems and business processes)
and model-based standards. Founded in 1989 by
eleven companies (including Hewlett-Packard, IBM,
Sun Microsystems, Apple Computer, American Airlines
and Data General), OMG tried to create a heterogeneous
distributed object standard. The goal was a common
portable and interoperable object model with methods
and data that work using all types of development
environments on all types of platforms.
Object Oriented Analysis and Design(OOAD)
Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) is
a software engineering approach that models a
system as a group of interacting objects. Each
object represents some entity of interest in the
system being modeled, and is characterised by
its class, its state (data elements), and its
behavior. Various models can be created to show
the static structure, dynamic behavior, and run-time
deployment of these collaborating objects. There
are a number of different notations for representing
these models, such as the Unified Modeling Language
(UML).
Object-oriented analysis (OOA) applies
object-modeling techniques to analyze the functional
requirements for a system. Object-oriented design
(OOD) elaborates the analysis models to produce
implementation specifications. OOA focuses on
what the system does, OOD on how the system does
it.
Object-oriented analysis
Object-oriented analysis (OOA) looks
at the problem domain, with the aim of producing
a conceptual model of the information that exists
in the area being analyzed. Analysis models do
not consider any implementation constraints that
might exist, such as concurrency, distribution,
persistence, or how the system is to be built.
Implementation constraints are dealt with during
object-oriented design (OOD).
The sources for the analysis can be
a written requirements statement, a formal vision
document, interviews with stakeholders or other
interested parties. A system may be divided into
multiple domains, representing different business,
technological, or other areas of interest, each
of which are analyzed separately.
The result of object-oriented analysis
is a description of what the system is functionally
required to do, in the form of a conceptual model.
That will typically be presented as a set of use
cases, one or more UML class diagrams, and a number
of interaction diagrams. It may also include some
kind of user interface mock-up.
Object-oriented design
Object-oriented design (OOD) transforms
the conceptual model produced in object-oriented
analysis to take account of the constraints imposed
by the chosen architecture and any non-functional—technological
or environmental—constraints, such as transaction
throughput, response time, run-time platform,
development environment, or programming language.
The concepts in the analysis model
are mapped onto implementation classes and interfaces.
The result is a model of the solution domain,
a detailed description of how the system is to
be built.
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